Sea Snakes

The most poisonous snakes on earth under the water are sea snakes, and yellow sea snakes are less common. They fall in the hierarchy of the Hydrophidae family, generally found in Pacific and Indian oceans’ tropical waters. It is believed that Sea Snakes evolved from the Australian land snakes. This category of reptiles find their relation to the turtles, crocodiles, lizards and land snakes. They have got used to the life of residing in the water and their body is similar to a boat with a paddle tail. More than fifty varieties of sea snakes are recorded so far, and chief among them are venoms. A very astonishing fact about them is that they continue to bite for approximately an hour after death! They are different from Eels in a sense that they have scales and do not have gill slits. Due to their requirement for air, they are usually seen under water and normally swim at the lower level of the water bodies where they feed on small fishes and their eggs.

 

Their venomous bites are dangerous and life threatening for other animals residing under the same domestic region which helps them to obtain their prey easily. Their bite contains neurotoxins which is most poisonous to the animal world. Their potent poison quickly paralyzes the prey. However, they aren’t aggressive and very rarely bite humans when they are trapped due to their short strature and sharp short fangs which slip into the body of the prey and makes it restless. Their tiny mouth becomes wide enough to grab the prey fully down to their belly. Pain is not caused at the time of the bite but causes unconsciousness. This eases their work to hunt the prey. Approximately, 30 minutes after the actual snake bite, the muscle of the prey pains and it causes stiffness and the cramp of the jaw. Beaded Sea Snakes are the most dangerous  of all the sea snakes. They have a venom which is so strong that just three drops of it can kill approximately ten humans.
Anti- venoms can be used to protect the people affected due to venoms of the snakes. An adult snake has sufficient venom to take more than three lives at the same time. The neurotoxin in the venom causes paralysis to the prey and makes them almost inactive. The land snakes have ventral scales which help them to hold the ground firmly while scrawling, but this is missing in sea snakes. Compared to land snakes they are very light in weight and sleek in structure. Their color is almost black and grey or green, which matches the habitat they survive in, while the land snakes are often brown.

Sea snakes have nostrils with a special structure which enables them to breathe in the water. They can stay in the water for about half an hour before they come out to breathe air. They are generally shy by nature and prefer not to come out of the water.

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